The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Wednesday approved a groundbreaking new drug for advanced pancreatic cancer, Rasonque (daraxonrasib), offering US patients a more effective treatment against one of the deadliest types of cancer.
FDA officials gave expedited approval to the first-of-a-kind pill, called daraxonrasib, which blocks a mutated protein that fuels tumour growth in more than 90% of pancreatic cancer cases, the Associated Press reported.
New pancreatic cancer drug, Rasonque: Cost, side effects, impact and more
According to the report, the daily pills will be sold by under the brand name Rasonque. A one-month supply would cost approximately $39,800, the company announced.
Rasonque, a tablet taken once daily, targets multiple forms of a protein called RAS, a key driver of tumour growth in most patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which arises from cells lining the ducts of the pancreas, the said in its press release.
A study showed that patients taking the drug nearly doubled their survival time, with fewer severe side effects. The study randomly assigned them to receive the experimental treatment or more chemotherapy.
The company-funded study enrolled 500 patients whose metastatic, or spreading, cancer had stopped responding to prior treatment.
Patients receiving the new treatment lived a median of 13.2 months, compared with 6.7 months for chemotherapy recipients, the study added.
Most common side effects of the drug are rash, diarrhoea, stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth’s mucus membranes), nausea, fatigue, vomiting, abdominal pain, oedema, decreased appetite and haemorrhage.
“This is one of the most anticipated approvals I can think of,” said Dr Andrew Coveler of the Fred Hutch Cancer Center. “This medicine is not a cure but a significant improvement.”
About Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer is among the most deadly forms in large part because it is hard to detect before it starts spreading to other organs. The American Cancer Society estimates about 67,000 new cases will be diagnosed in the United States this year and more than 52,000 people will die from the disease.
The five-year overall
The drug garnered public attention earlier this year when former Sen Ben Sasse, R-Neb, described on CBS’s 60 Minutes how he has had less pain while taking it.
A surge in public interest led the FDA to allow “expanded access,” before the drug’s official approval, for patients who met certain criteria.
FDA regulators said on Wednesday that they approved the drug more than six months ahead of their target date.
“It is our fundamental duty to deliver more cures and meaningful treatments to patients as quickly as possible,” the FDA’s acting commissioner, Kyle Diamantas, said in a statement.
Unlike with other cancers that have benefited from a variety of chemotherapy alternatives, pancreatic cancer has been harder to tackle.
The new drug targets mutations in the RAS gene family that normally regulate cell growth. What are known as KRAS mutations are especially critical in fueling pancreatic cancer. But a structure that made it hard for drugs to stick to the mutated proteins meant this cancer driver was long considered “undruggable.”
Doctors who treat pancreatic cancer hope the drug may usher in more new options for other forms of cancer, with scores of experimental drugs in development.
“I think this has opened doors for many other companies,” said Dr Pashtoon Kasi of City of Hope Orange County, a California-based cancer centre. “Downstream, I think there are going to be a lot more trials looking at this approach in other tumour types.”
Revolution Medicines’ drug uses what’s essentially a molecular glue to bind with multiple KRAS subtypes. The Redwood City, California-based drugmaker is studying its technology for several other cancers, including lung cancer.
(With inputs from the Associated Press)
